Trust/Section 8 Company

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Trust/Section 8 Company Registration

A Section 8 Company is a type of non-profit organization in India, established with the primary objective of promoting charitable activities, arts, sciences, education, and sports. The unique aspect of a Section 8 Company is that any profits earned are reinvested to further these objectives and are not distributed among the members as dividends.

Key Features of a Section 8 Company

  • Objective: Promote charitable causes, arts, science, education, and sports.
  • Profit Utilization: Profits are utilized to advance the company’s objectives.
  • Non-Profit Distribution: No dividends are distributed to members.

Advantages

  • Separate Legal Entity: Distinct from its members, enabling the company to own property and enter contracts in its own name.

  • Limited Liability: Members’ liability is limited to their share, protecting personal assets from the company’s debts.

  • Tax Benefits: Eligibility for various tax exemptions under the Income Tax Act and ability to receive CSR funds.

  • Credibility: Higher trust and transparency due to regulation under the Companies Act, 2013, with mandatory audits and annual filings.

  • No Minimum Capital Requirement: Flexibility in financial resources needed for incorporation.

  • Perpetual Succession: Continuous existence regardless of changes in membership or management.

Disdvantages

  • Regulatory Compliance: Extensive compliance requirements under the Companies Act, 2013, including mandatory audits and annual filings.

  • Limited Profit Distribution: Profits cannot be distributed to members, limiting financial incentives for investors.

  • Stringent Formation Process: Lengthy and complex process for obtaining government approval and incorporation.

  • Operational Restrictions: Restricted to promoting specified charitable objectives, limiting the scope of activities.

  • Government Control: Increased scrutiny and oversight from regulatory bodies.

  • Resource Intensive: High administrative and compliance costs compared to other non-profit structures.

Eligibility Criteria

1. Objective:
  • Primary Purpose: The company must be established for promoting charitable objects such as commerce, art, science, education, research, social welfare, religion, charity, or protection of the environment.
  • Non-Profit Distribution: The company must apply its profits or other income in promoting its objectives and must not pay any dividend to its members.
2. Founders:
  • Individuals or Entities: The company can be formed by an individual or an association of individuals.
  • Number of Members: A minimum of two members is required if the company is to be incorporated as a private limited company, and a minimum of seven members if it is to be incorporated as a public limited company.
3. Directors:
  • Minimum Directors: A minimum of two directors if it is a private limited company, and a minimum of three directors if it is a public limited company.
  • Director Identification Number (DIN): All directors must have a valid DIN issued by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs.
4. Regulatory Approvals:
  • Approval from Central Government: A Section 8 Company requires a license from the Central Government, specifically from the Ministry of Corporate Affairs. This license confirms that the company is incorporated for promoting charitable purposes.
5. Incorporation Requirements:
  • Digital Signature Certificate (DSC): All directors must have a DSC to sign electronic documents.
  • Name Approval: The name of the company should not include the words “Private Limited” or “Limited” but should reflect its charitable nature.
  • Memorandum of Association (MOA) and Articles of Association (AOA): These documents must specify the company’s objectives and the rules and regulations for its operation.
6. Financial Requirements:
  • Capital: There is no specific minimum paid-up capital requirement for a Section 8 Company.
  • Application of Income: The income and profits of the company must be used solely for promoting its charitable objectives.
7. Compliance with Companies Act, 2013:
  • Provisions: The company must comply with the provisions of the Companies Act, 2013, including those related to the formation, management, and dissolution of the company.
  • Annual Filings: The company must adhere to annual filing requirements and other compliance mandates as per the Companies Act, 2013.
8. Other Considerations:
  • Tax Exemptions: Section 8 Companies are eligible for various tax exemptions under the Income Tax Act, provided they meet the prescribed conditions.
  • No Profit Distribution: The company must not declare or pay dividends to its members.

Documents Required

1. Digital Signature Certificate (DSC):
  • Required for all proposed directors and subscribers to sign electronic documents.
2. Director Identification Number (DIN):
  • Required for all proposed directors (can be obtained during the incorporation process).
3. Name Reservation:
  • Proposed names of the company (to be applied through the RUN service on the MCA portal).
4. Memorandum of Association (MOA):
  • Drafted as per Section 8 requirements, outlining the objectives of the company.
5. Articles of Association (AOA):
  • Drafted as per Section 8 requirements, detailing the rules and regulations for the company’s management.
6. Form INC-13:
  • Application for the incorporation of a Section 8 Company.
7. Form INC-14:
  • Declaration by a Chartered Accountant (CA), Company Secretary (CS), or Cost Accountant in practice, affirming the MOA and AOA compliance.
8. Form INC-15:
  • Declaration by each subscriber to the MOA and the first directors stating their intent to form the company.
9. Proof of Identity and Address for Directors and Subscribers:
  • Identity Proof: PAN card, passport, voter ID, or driving license.
  • Address Proof: Bank statement, utility bill (not older than 2 months), or passport.
10. Proof of Registered Office Address:
  • Utility bill (electricity, water, gas) not older than 2 months.
  • Rent agreement (if the office is rented).
  • NOC from the owner of the premises (if applicable).
  • Sale deed or property tax receipt (if the office is owned).
11. Form INC-9:
  • Declaration by the subscribers and directors.
12. Consent to Act as Director (Form DIR-2):
  • Signed consent from each director to act as a director of the company.
13. Passport-size Photographs:
  • Recent passport-size photographs of all directors and subscribers.
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